Military Kurashikkusu September 2023 Issue

[Machine Translation] [The Japanese Navy newly built the "Uramori-type" coastal defense vessels for the main mission of coastal defense before the war. After the outbreak of the war, the main mission of the coastal defense ships changed to escorting maritime transport routes to protect them from U.S. submarines, and based on the Uramori-type, the "Sekicho-type", "Mikura-type", "Urai-type", and "Nippuri-type" were built. These types were gradually simplified and equipped with more anti-submarine and anti-aircraft equipment, and from the Urumori type onward, the Nisshin type was called the "Kou class defense ship. However, by the middle of the war, the number of vessels lost to U.S. submarine attacks increased dramatically. In order to protect Japan's vast sea lanes, a large number of defense ships were needed. To meet this need, the Urai class was further downsized and simplified into the Hei class (Type I) defense ships equipped with diesel engines and the Ding class (Type II) defense ships equipped with steam turbine engines. Although the Hei and Ding types were small, with a drainage capacity of approximately 700 tons and a speed of only 17 knots, they were equipped with two 12cm high-angle guns, 12 torpedo launchers, and 120 torpedoes, and had sonar and radar, making them superior to prewar destroyers in terms of anti-submarine and anti-air combat capabilities. The hull was small, with few curves, and its simplified parts made it easy to mass-produce. From the fall of 1943 to the end of the war in the summer of 1945, 53 Hei class ships and 63 Ding class ships were built, an astonishing number for the Imperial Japanese Navy. The C and Ding types were deployed in actual combat from the first half of 1944, at the end of the war, and engaged in sea escort warfare and anti-submarine operations in various sea areas. Although they were often turned back by aircraft and submarines, they shot down or sunk a large number of enemy aircraft and submarines, and fulfilled their missions even in desperate war situations. In this special feature, we will analyze from various perspectives the Hei and Ding class submarines, which were in a sense the "mainstay" of the Imperial Japanese Navy at the end of the war, combining the minimum necessary anti-submarine and anti-aircraft capabilities with mass production efficiency. [The Spanish Civil War, a prelude to World War II and a testing ground for new weapons Table of Contents (CONTENTS) [Frontispiece] Type C and Ding Defence Ships Type C and Ding Defence Ships A selection of famous scenes "Harder" sunk "Bonefish" sunk Engagement with Soviet thunderbolts This is the Type C and Ding Defence Ships! The mechanism of the Hei and Ching class defense ships The maintenance plan of the Hei and Ching class defense ships The construction history of the Hei and Ching class defense ships The operation and fleet organization of the Hei and Ching class defense ships The tactics and warfare of the Hei and Ching class defense ships

[第一特集] 商船を護り奮闘した小さき牧羊犬たち 丙型・丁型海防艦 日本海軍は戦前、沿岸防衛を主任務とする海防艦「占守型」を新規で建造。そして開戦後、海防艦の主任務は、海上輸送路を米潜水艦などから守る海上護衛に変化し、占守型をベースに「択捉型」「御蔵型」「鵜来型」「日振型」が建造された。これらは徐々に簡略化と対潜・対空装備の強化が進められていき、占守型から日振型は「甲型海防艦」と呼ばれる。 しかし大戦も中盤になると、米潜の襲撃で失われる船舶が激増。日本の広大なシーレーンを守るため多数の海防艦が必要となってきた。そのため、鵜来型をさらに小型化、簡略化して設計されたのが、ディーゼル機関装備の丙型(第一号型)海防艦と蒸気タービン機関装備の丁型(第二号型)海防艦であった。 丙型・丁型は、排水量は約700トンと小型で、速力も約17ノットと低速ながら、主砲は12cm高角砲2門、爆雷投射機12基と爆雷120個を備え、ソナーやレーダーを持ち、戦前の駆逐艦よりも対潜・対空戦闘力に優れていた。 船体は小型で曲線も少なく、各部を簡略化したため量産性も高く、昭和18年秋から昭和20年夏の終戦まで、丙型は53隻、丁型は63隻という、日本海軍としては驚異的な隻数が建造されている。 丙型・丁型は大戦末期の昭和19年前半から実戦に投入され、各海域で海上護衛戦や対潜作戦に従事。航空機や潜水艦に返り討ちにされることも多かったが、少なくない敵機・敵潜を撃墜・撃沈し、絶望的な戦況の中でなすべき任務は果たした。 本特集では、必要最低限の対潜・対空能力と量産性を両立させ、ある意味で大戦末期の日本海軍の「主力」を担っていた丙型・丁型海防艦を、多角的な視点で分析していこう。 [第二特集] 新兵器の実験場となった第二次大戦の前哨戦 スペイン内戦 目次 【CONTENTS】 [巻頭特集] 丙型・丁型海防艦 丙型・丁型海防艦 名シーンセレクション 「ハーダー」撃沈 「ボーンフィッシュ」撃沈 ソ連雷撃機と交戦 これが丙型・丁型海防艦だ! 丙型・丁型海防艦の艦形図 丙型・丁型海防艦のメカニズム 日本海軍の海防艦整備計画 丙型・丁型海防艦の建造経緯 丙型・丁型海防艦の運用と艦隊編成 丙型・丁型海防艦の戦術と戦法