[Machine Translation] Modern literature is, in some sense, an expression that responds to the needs of our time, and in order to read and understand it, it is necessary to accurately grasp the problem consciousness of the writer and the questioner, and to analyze it thoroughly. This is a fantastic reference book that presented such a clear position and became the cornerstone of "Shinshaku Gendai Bun" (Newly Expanded Modern Literature). The book's concise, yet well-reasoned explanations and numerous examples of careful reading based on these explanations invite students to discover the timeless essence of textual comprehension. What is it that we should truly acquire in reading and comprehending contemporary texts? A timeless classic, backed up by the author's unique humanistic viewpoint. Includes a glossary and reading guide.